Beneficial owner

The beneficial owner, under Article 1(2)(pp) and Article 20 of Italian Legislative Decree 231/2007, is the natural person or persons in whose ultimate interest the business relationship is established or the transaction is carried out.

For companies, beneficial ownership is indicated by direct or indirect shareholding exceeding 25%, or by control exercised otherwise. As a residual criterion, beneficial owners are persons with management or directorship powers.

Regulatory references

• D.lgs. 231/2007 art. 1 c.2 lett. pp
• D.lgs. 231/2007 art. 20
• Reg. (UE) 2024/1624 (AMLR)